Kānana

Kānana hoʻokaʻawale (papa E)
He kūpono ia no ka kānana ʻana i nā nui o ka wai a me nā agglomerates 3 micron ka nui (ʻo ka nui o ka ʻaila koena o 5ppm W/W)
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻelua mau lua i humuhumu ʻole ʻia e ka mīkini 10 micron.
Kānana ʻana o nā ʻāpana paʻa a me nā wai 3 micron i loko o kahi medium fibrous hohonu.

Kānana Luna Hoʻomalu (papa D)
He kūpono ia no ka kānana ʻana i nā nui o ka wai a me nā agglomerates 1 micron ka nui (ʻo ka nui o ka ʻaila koena o 1.0ppm W/W)
Hoʻopili ʻia ka fiber medium a me ka pale kānana dielectric ma kahi ʻē aʻe e kānana i nā ʻāpana nui.
ʻO ka resin epoxy multi layer i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka medium fiber i hui pū ʻia, ka hui ʻana o ka noe aila a me ke kānana ʻana i nā ʻāpana paʻa.

Kānana wehe ʻaila kiʻekiʻe (papa C)
Mea hoʻopili multilayer fiber aniani;
Kānana paipu ea: hoʻohana ʻia no ka pipeline maʻamau a me ka mea hoʻopili ea wili maʻamau, a no ke alo ma o ka hāmeʻa ia;
Hiki ke kānana ʻia ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ka ʻaila, ka wai a me ka wai i 0.01ppm, a hiki ke kānana ʻia nā ʻāpana haumia i loko o 0.01micron.

Kānana wehe ʻaila kiʻekiʻe loa (papa B)
Mea waena aniani, me ka pūnaewele sila membrane a me ka mea waena hui ʻia o ka paipu multi;
Kānana ʻaila kikoʻī loa: ka mea hoʻopili ea a me ke kānana hope;
Hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻaila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka mahu wai i kānana ʻia e ka ea, ʻoi aku ka pololei ma mua o 0.001 micron, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka ʻaila ʻole.

Kānana kalapona hoʻāla ʻia me ka pololei loa (Papa A)
No ka pauka kalapona i hoʻāla ʻia a maikaʻi loa a me nā mea fiber multilayer;
Hana ia ma ka kānana kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe;
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka noe aila i koe i ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua o 0.003ppm, a ua kānana ʻia ke ʻala ʻano ʻē o ka hui ammonia kalapona a ua kānana ʻia nā ʻāpana maikaʻi loa i loko o 0.01micron, i mea e loaʻa ai ka hopena maikaʻi loa me ka ʻole o ka aila a me ke ʻala ʻole.